Bypass surgery refers to a type of surgical procedure that is used to redirect blood flow around a blocked or narrowed artery, typically in the heart. The goal of this surgery is to improve blood flow and oxygen supply to the heart muscle, which can help reduce symptoms such as chest pain (angina) and improve overall heart function.
During bypass surgery, a healthy blood vessel - usually taken from the patient's leg or arm - is attached above and below the blocked area in the artery. This new path allows blood to flow around the blockage, allowing oxygen-rich blood to reach the heart muscle once again.
Bypass surgery is typically performed on patients who have severe blockages in their coronary arteries that cannot be treated with medication or other less invasive procedures. It can be a lifesaving procedure for individuals experiencing symptoms related to reduced blood flow to the heart, and has become increasingly common over time as treatments for cardiovascular disease have improved.